{"id":8248,"date":"2017-07-11T09:22:52","date_gmt":"2017-07-11T13:22:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pecs-greece.com\/?page_id=8248"},"modified":"2024-03-13T21:02:58","modified_gmt":"2024-03-13T19:02:58","slug":"evidence-based-practices","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/pecs-greece.com\/en\/evidence-based-practices\/","title":{"rendered":"Evidence-Based Practices"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;10px||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row admin_label=&#8221;Page Title&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_enable_color=&#8221;off&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||false|false&#8221; global_module=&#8221;19056&#8243; saved_tabs=&#8221;all&#8221; collapsed=&#8221;on&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.20.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Breadcrumbs&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.22.1&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;Open Sans|700|||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#02879b&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;13px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<span><span><a href=\"\/\">Home<\/a><\/span><\/span>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_post_title meta=&#8221;off&#8221; featured_image=&#8221;off&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Page Title&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.22.1&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; title_font_size=&#8221;30px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_post_title][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; background_size=&#8221;initial&#8221; background_position=&#8221;top_left&#8221; background_repeat=&#8221;repeat&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/cdn.pecs-greece.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/13205608\/pecs-evidence.png&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; align_tablet=&#8221;center&#8221; align_phone=&#8221;&#8221; align_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; disabled_on=&#8221;on|on|on&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;PECS Evidence&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;0px|0px|0px|0px&#8221; custom_css_main_element=&#8221;padding:0;&#8221; border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221; animation=&#8221;off&#8221; sticky=&#8221;off&#8221; always_center_on_mobile=&#8221;on&#8221; disabled=&#8221;on&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Intro&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.2&#8243; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<p><strong>PECS<sup>\u00ae<\/sup><\/strong>\u00a0is an Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) <em>with\u202f<strong>over 240 published articles providing evidence of the effectiveness of the Picture Exchange Communication System<\/strong><strong><sup>\u00ae<\/sup><\/strong><strong>\u00a0(PECS<\/strong><strong><sup>\u00ae<\/sup><\/strong><strong>)<\/strong><\/em>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pecs-greece.com\/en\/research\/\"><strong>See the full list of research articles here<\/strong><\/a>.\u00a0The<strong> Pyramid Approach to Education<\/strong><strong><sup>\u00ae<\/sup><\/strong>, a systematic framework for building effective learning settings, incorporates strategies that are evidence-based. <a href=\"https:\/\/cdn.pecs-greece.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/13205743\/US_graph_PAE-TABLE_Oct-2021-1.png\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>See the table \u2018Identified Evidence-Based Practices within the Pyramid Approach to Education\u00ae and the Picture Exchange Communication System\u00ae (PECS<sup>\u00ae<\/sup>) Protocol\u2019 below<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>What does \u2018evidence-based practice\u2019 (EBP) mean? There are varying definitions of EBP among the fields of special education, speech language pathology, and behavior analysis. In <a href=\"https:\/\/my.vanderbilt.edu\/spedteacherresources\/what-are-evidence-based-practices\/#:~:text=Evidence%2Dbased%20practices%20in%20education,programs%20that%20improve%20student%20performance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong><em>Evidence-based Practices in Education <\/em><\/strong><\/a>(2012) authors Cook, Smith, and Tankersley define EBP as practices that are shown to be effective through high-quality research to meaningfully improve student outcomes.<\/p>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.asha.org\/research\/ebp\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>American Speech and Hearing Association (ASHA) <\/strong><\/a>defines EBP as the integration of clinical expertise\/expert opinion, evidence gathered from the scientific literature and from client observation and data collection, as well as client\/patient\/caregiver perspectives. \u201cWhen all three components of EBP are considered together, clinicians can make informed, evidence-based decisions and provide high-quality services reflecting the interests, values, needs, and choices of individuals with communication disorders\u201d (ASHA).<\/p>\n<p>In the peer-reviewed journal <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4883454\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong><em>Behavior Analysis<\/em><\/strong><\/a><strong>, <\/strong>Slocum et al<strong>. <\/strong>(2014) define EBP as a model of professional decision-making in which practitioners integrate the best available evidence with client values\/context and clinical expertise in order to provide services for their clients.<\/p>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/autismpdc.fpg.unc.edu\/evidence-based-practices\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>National Professional Development Center on Autism Spectrum Disorder (NPDC on ASD)<\/strong><\/a> identifies inclusion criteria for EBPs based on the necessity of having a sufficient number of empirical demonstrations of efficacy through high quality, peer-reviewed journal articles and replications of those demonstrations by independent research groups. To be identified as evidence-based, a category of practice must have at least:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>2 high quality group design studies conducted by 2 different research groups, or<\/li>\n<li>5 high quality single case design studies conducted by 3 different research groups and involving a total of 20 participants across studies, or<\/li>\n<li>a combination of 1 high quality group design study and 3 high quality single case design studies conducted by two independent research groups.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Highlighted below are organizations and peer-reviewed articles that recognize PECS<\/strong><strong><sup>\u00ae<\/sup><\/strong><strong>\u00a0as an Evidence-Based Practice.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Organizations&#8221; module_class=&#8221;research-list&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.24.2&#8243; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h2>Organizations<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/autismpdc.fpg.unc.edu\/evidence-based-practices\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The National Professional Development Center (NPDC) on Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)<\/a><\/strong> adopted PECS as one of 27 Evidence-Based Practices (2008, 2014)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ncaep.fpg.unc.edu\/sites\/ncaep.fpg.unc.edu\/files\/imce\/documents\/EBP%20Report%202020.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>National Clearinghouse on Autism Evidence and Practice<\/strong><\/a> review team, Steinbrenner, J., Hume, K., Odom, S., et al. (2020), evaluated evidence practices cited by NPDC.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncbddd\/autism\/treatment.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Center for Disease Control and Prevention<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/asatonline.org\/research-treatment\/research-synopses\/the-effectiveness-of-the-picture-exchange-communication-system-pecs-on-communication-and-speech-for-children-with-autism-spectrum-disorders-a-meta-analysis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>The Association for Science in Autism Treatment (ASAT)<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ontaba.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Ontario Association for Behaviour Analysis<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/behavior.org\/aba-evidence-based\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Cambridge Center for Behavioral Studies<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iidc.indiana.edu\/irca\/articles\/evidence-based-practices-for-effective-communication-and-social-intervention.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Indiana Resource Center for Autism<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/afirm.fpg.unc.edu\/node\/907\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Autism Focused Intervention Resources and Modules (AFIRM)<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/afirm.fpg.unc.edu\/sites\/afirm.fpg.unc.edu\/files\/imce\/resources\/PECS%20CEC%20Standards.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Council for Exceptional Children (CEC) Standards <\/strong>that apply specifically to PECS<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Peer-Reviewed Articles<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>One review published in the journal\u202f<a href=\"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/10459881003785506\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Preventing School Failure: Alternative Education for Children and Youth\u202f<\/i><\/a>concluded that PECS is evidence-based practice for Communication, Socialization, and Behavior (2010)<\/li>\n<li>The journal\u202f<a href=\"http:\/\/pediatrics.aappublications.org\/content\/130\/Supplement_2\/S169.full.pdf+html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Pediatrics<\/i><\/a>\u202fconcluded that PECS is Evidence-Based Practice, as well as the only Evidence-Based Augmentative\/Alternative Communication System, for individuals with autism spectrum disorders (2012)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21787048\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Well-Controlled Research Reported in Peer-Reviewed Journals<\/a>\u202fhas shown that PECS is more effective than \u201ceducation as usual\u201d for improving communication and other skills in school settings (2011)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Pyramid Approach to Education<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/pecs-greece.com\/en\/the-pyramid-approach\/\">The Pyramid Approach to Education<sup>\u00ae<\/sup><\/a>, a systematic framework for building effective learning settings, incorporates strategies that have been recognized by <strong>National Clearinghouse on Autism Evidence and Practice (NCAEP)<\/strong> as evidence-based practices.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; fullwidth=&#8221;on&#8221; module_id=&#8221;pae-chart&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_fullwidth_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/cdn.pecs-greece.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/13205743\/US_graph_PAE-TABLE_Oct-2021-1.png&#8221; title_text=&#8221;US_graph_PAE-TABLE_Oct-2021&#8243; url=&#8221;https:\/\/cdn.pecs-greece.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/13205743\/US_graph_PAE-TABLE_Oct-2021-1.png&#8221; url_new_window=&#8221;on&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;PAE Table Image&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.20.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; max_width=&#8221;1300px&#8221; 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